How can patients in severe pain with a H/O opioid addiction (p) be managed with non-opioids treatments (I) to reduce pain (C) and reduce addiction concerns (O)?

Template for Asking a PICOT Question for the FNP Comprehensive Examination PICO (alternately known as PICOT) is a mnemonic used to describe the four elements of a good clinical question. It stands for: P--Patient/Problem. I--Intervention. C—Comparison. T --Time element. Note: PICO is not applicable in all situations. An ideal question will cover all of the different sections of PICO. However, that is not always completely necessary. In some cases, you may be able to frame your questions without worrying about a comparison or time, which may not be relevant to the investigation that you want to undertake.

Framework Item:	Think about:	Example:
Patient Problem Population Program	Important characteristics What are the patient’s demographic variables such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity? What is the problem/diagnosis/prognosis? Consider that our patient is a member of a population as well as a person with (or at risk of) a health problem. What is the patient scenario? What is the clinical setting? What are the patient contact time options/limitations? What needs to change? Are there issues with infrastructure, materials, information, communication, technology, etc.?	The patient is 50-year-old Hispanic female. She lives in Livingston and is a part of a low socioeconomic class. She works in the fields seasonally. She currently has Medicaid for insurance and goes to Livingston clinic for her medical care. The clinic is walking distance from her house. C/O recent injury with 10/10 pain. Does not want to be treated with opioids. Her brother recently suffered from opioid overdose and died. The patient also has a history of opioid addiction. Problem: How do you manage the patient’s pain without opioids. The issue of opioid is a national crisis, therefore, there is a need for pain management through education programs. Community resources for opioids involves clinical support system and following Livingston clinic’s guidelines for prescribing opioids.
Intervention	Drug/treatment, diagnostic/screening test, education, exposure, etc. What type of intervention is being considered? What and how it is done?	Pain management methods for chronic illness can be done practically in life. Acupuncture, meditation and deep breathing help the body to relax thus reducing any pain. Exercising/physical therapy is another way of relieving pain in our body through natural endorphins.
Comparison *A comparison is not always present in a PICO analysis.	Alternate being considered Is there a comparison treatment to be considered? Is there another option to take care of this problem?	An alternate is to take non-opioids medications. These treatments include Aleve (naproxen), Motrin (ibuprofen), and Tylenol (acetaminophen).
Outcome	What to measure, accomplish, improve, affect (reduced mortality/morbidity, improve quality of life, less symptoms, no symptoms, full health, accurate and timely diagnosis, health services delivered, change in health behavior, change in health status, patient satisfaction What would be the desired effect you would like to see? What effects are not wanted? Are there any side effects involved with this form of testing or treatment? Outcomes should be measurable as the best evidence comes from rigorous studies with statically significant findings. An outcome ideally measures clinical wellbeing or quality of life, and not alternates such a as laboratory test results. An outcome can include a change in practice or strategies to better care for patients. An outcome is supported by strong research. An outcome can include decreased complications, cost, length of stay, etc.	The main objective is to recommend treatments that does not involve opioids. What is the best practice for non-opioid pain management? Possible side effect: may not be able to manage pain versus addiction to opioids Reduce number of addicted patients Reduce number of deaths related to opioid overdose Patients have an awareness about community resources and its management.

How can patients in severe pain with a H/O opioid addiction (p) be managed with non-opioids treatments (I) to reduce pain (C) and reduce addiction concerns (O)?

ANSWER. PAPER DETAILS
Academic Level	Masters
Subject Area	Nursing
Paper Type	Coursework
Number of Pages	2 Page(s)/550 words
Sources	2
Format	APA
Spacing	Double Spaced

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