Plastic surgery alters specific areas of your body to treat medical problems or improve your appearance. Surgeons may operate on your face, neck, breasts, stomach, arms, and legs. Reconstructive surgery corrects defects and restores function. Cosmetic surgery improves one’s appearance for reasons other than medical.
In this article, we have shared our thoughts on cosmetic surgery in healthcare to help you navigate throughout your career and education. Let’s begin by discussing what cosmetic surgery entails.
What is cosmetic surgery?
The term “plastic surgery” comes from the Greek word “plastikos,” which means “to form” or “to mould.” It is a collection of procedures that alter specific areas of your body. Face, neck, breasts, stomach, arms, and legs are examples. Although “reconstructive plastic surgery” and “cosmetic surgery” appear synonymous, they refer to two distinct types of procedures.
What exactly is reconstructive surgery?
Reconstructive surgery corrects defects or injuries caused by trauma. It also helps restore function and a more natural appearance. If you have any of the following conditions, you may require this type of surgery:
- Congenital disabilities like webbed fingers and cleft lip and palate.
- Some medical conditions, such as head and neck cancer or breast cancer.
- Scars that limit natural movement
- Severe injuries, such as significant cuts or tears in the skin.
Difference between cosmetic and plastic surgery
What exactly is cosmetic surgery?
Cosmetic surgery improves one’s appearance for reasons other than medical. This group of processes addresses physical characteristics that cause you to be self-conscious. Cosmetic surgery can help you achieve your ideal body. This type of surgery alters characteristics such as:
- Shape
- Size
- Balance
Who is involved in reconstructive plastic surgery?
Plastic surgeons perform reconstructive and cosmetic surgery. Surgeons from a variety of specialties perform cosmetic procedures. Cosmetic surgery may be performed by a plastic surgeon, plastic surgeon, otolaryngologist (ear, nose, and throat surgeon), or others.
It is critical to choose your healthcare provider carefully. Surgeons with specialized experience and education in the procedure you require are more likely to provide better results. Board-certified surgeons are the best option. They must undergo extensive training and examinations to share their knowledge of quality and safe practices.
Types of cosmetic surgery
Various techniques and processes are used in cosmetic procedures, including facelifts, eyelid surgery, body contouring, exfoliation, laser skin resurfacing, implants, and liposuction. Botulinum toxin Type A injections (available in Canada as Botox or Dysport) or epithelial tissue (subcutaneous) fillers like collagen or fat may also be used.
1. Facelift (meloplasty)
The scalp and across the ear are shaved. It is then kept separate from the underlying tissue, cinched, and stitched. The excess skin is removed. The procedure can take two to four hours under local or general anesthesia. For several weeks, the face will be battered and swollen. Numbness or an overly tight sensory perception are common symptoms that can last for months after surgery.
2. Surgery on the eyelids
The eyelids are trimmed down to the ‘crow’s feet age spots at the outer corners. Skin and fat have been removed in excess. To treat remaining wrinkles, laser resurfacing may be used. This procedure can be performed under local and general anesthesia and can take up to two hours. For a few weeks, the eyes will be bruised and swollen. Side effects involve blurred vision, excessive tear production, and changes in the shape of both eyes (usually only temporary).
3. Peeling agent
A chemical peel means removing the skin’s surface layers. A solution is applied to the face, which can then be left uncovered or covered with lotion or tape. The chemicals cause skin irritation, and healing helps promote new shoots. Deep burns delete most wrinkles, but they also raise the risk of health problems like scarring and infection.
4. Dermabrasion
Under local or general anesthesia, a device similar to an electric sander is applied to the skin. The rough surface of a rotating blade’s pad rubs against the skin. New growth is encouraged during the healing process. Although deep dermabrasion eliminates most wrinkles, it also increases the likelihood of problems like scarring and infection.
5. Reduced wrinkles
Wrinkles can be reduced with friction or ‘plumped out’ with various technologies. A laser beam is used to burn the skin during laser skin resurfacing. Injectable fillers are available in small doses to paralyze the underlying muscles that cause skin wrinkles. This can be a safe and effective momentary treatment for fine lines and wrinkles on the face.
To smooth out wrinkles, fat or collagen injections can be pumped directly along them. Botulinum toxin Type A (marketed in Australia as Botox® or Dysport®) is occasionally employed to treat forehead wrinkles between the brows.
6. Surgery on the external ear (otoplasty)
Ears that protrude from the head can be repositioned at any age after five or six. The skin fold behind the ear is removed, and excess tissue is reduced or reconfigured. The procedure takes approximately one hour. Bandages must be worn for several weeks to help with bruising and swelling.
7. Surgery on the nose
Most nose surgeries are performed through nostril incisions, leaving no visible scars. The nose is reshaped after bone and cartilaginous are trimmed. Splints and nasal packs may be required. This procedure takes approximately two hours. It may take three to four months for the bruising and swelling to go away completely. Problems such as bleeding or disease are uncommon. A chin implant is sometimes inserted at the very same time to stabilize the profile.
8. Implants for the face
I was filling out a retreating chin or plain cheekbones with facial implants. The implant is placed thru a small incision in a hidden location, such as inside the mouth.
9. Lip augmentation
Thin lips can be plumped up using a variety of processes that provide either short-term or long-term results. Both collagen and fat injections are eventually absorbed into the body by the body. A small foam rod-like permanent implant can be tensioned through the lip.
10. Liposuction
Liposuction is a surgical procedure used to remove fat from the abdomen, legs, buttocks, arms, and throat. A small tube (cannula) is inserted with a skin incision, and fat is sucked out with a powerful pumping system. The procedure can be performed under either local or general anesthesia. A pressure garment must be worn for several months to assist the skin in contracting and contouring. For weeks or months, the area will be battered and swollen. Complications can include a skin failure to rent, resulting in a corrugated appearance. A lipectomy is a surgical procedure that removes excess skin and fat.
11. Tummy tuck surgery (abdominoplasty)
Excess skin and fat are removed from the abdomen, and the underlying diaphragm muscles are tightened. The navel is frequently required to be relocated. Incisions are typically made along the ‘bikini line’ to reduce scarring visibility. This procedure is performed under general anesthesia. Numbness and uncomfortable stiffness are standard after surgery and may last several months. Infection, as well as the forming of fluid pockets, are two complications.
12. Breast enlargement surgery
Breast augmentation or enlargement (also known as augmentation mammoplasty) necessitates the insertion of saline or implants. The implant is inserted through an incision underneath the breast or armpit. It can be placed behind and in front of the pectoral chest muscle. For a few weeks, there will be experiencing pain and swelling. Complications include the creation of a hard scar around the implant, implant deflation, and implant movement.
13. Breast reduction surgery
Incisions are made underneath each abdomen and around the nipple areolae. Skin and morbidly obese are deleted in excess. The residual breast tissue is reshaped, and the nipples are readjusted and stitched back into place. Scars can take up to a year to fade and will be visible for the rest of your life. One of the complications is a loss of nipple sensation.
Advantages and disadvantages of cosmetic surgery
What are the dangers of cosmetic surgery?
All surgical procedures involve risks. Plastic and reconstructive surgical procedures are frequently intricate. They may cause changes in sensitive structures close to major organs or sensitive tissue. Cosmetic procedures can cause significant changes to otherwise healthy parts of your body.
Several factors determine the likelihood of health problems. They include the type of surgery, your medical history, and lifestyle habits such as smoking. Some complications may arise during surgery, whereas others occur after you have recovered. One of the significant risks is that you may need to achieve the desired outcome.
Other potential risks of plastic surgery include:
- Unusual scarring
- Clots of blood
- Loss of blood.
- Anesthesia complications, such as respiratory problems during your procedure.
- Fluid accumulation (edema).
- Nerve damage, resulting in neuropathy.
- Scarring that makes natural movement impossible.
- Slow-healing lacerations and minor cuts that take longer to heal than expected
What are the advantages of cosmetic surgery?
For most people, the advantages of cosmetic or corrective surgery outweigh the risks. There are numerous benefits to pursuing the above procedures, including the following:
- Improved quality of life.
- Improved body image and self-worth
- Increased safety, such as improved vision after removing excess eyelid skin.
- A more natural look.
- Pain relief and increased independence following correcting defects that make movement difficult.
- Restored functionality, such as eating everyday food after jaw surgery recovery.
Recovery and perspective
How long does it take to recover from plastic surgery?
You may be able to go home after you wake up and the pain medication wears off. If you have to stay in the hospital, it is usually only for a night or two. You’ll be given home-care instructions before you leave. Following them religiously can reduce your chances of complications.
Your home recovery may include the following:
- Get plenty of rest, avoid heavy lifting, and limit your time on your feet.
- Regularly changing surgical dressings.
- Following a strict diet, such as only eating soft foods.
- Elevating the area of the surgical procedure to reduce swelling.
- Absence from work or school till your recovery is complete.
- Using stool softeners to relieve constipation caused by analgesic medications.
- Putting off taking a shower or bath for a few days.
What can people who have had cosmetic procedures expect in terms of recovery?
Depending on the process, you can resume normal activities within a few days. Other procedures, such as a tummy tuck, can take weeks or months to recover. Within a few weeks, some people realize the full advantages of their course and are pain-free. Swelling can take up to a year to go down after advanced procedures like facial feminization surgery.
In some cases, additional treatments may be part of your recovery. You may need the following:
- Physical therapy to assist you in regaining range of motion or relieving stiffness.
- Speech and devour therapy to help patients overcome difficulties speaking and swallowing.
- Occupational therapy to assist you in relearning how to do everyday tasks like dressing.
When should you contact a doctor?
When should I consult my doctor after having plastic surgery?
You should contact your healthcare provider if you experience signs of complications. These include:
- Blood-soaked dressings may indicate excessive bleeding.
- Infections may result in a fever or a yellowish release from the incision.
- Pain that is unresponsive to medications.
- Blood clot symptoms include unusual swelling in your crotch or lower leg.
- Vomiting and inability to keep fluids down.
A message from the Cleveland Clinic
Plastic surgery alters specific areas of your body to treat medical problems or improve your appearance. Plastic surgery is classified into several types: multiple surgeries, congenital disability repair, cosmetic surgery, and others. These are complicated procedures with the possibility of complications. Receiving services from such a seasoned surgeon and adhering to home-care instructions can aid your safety. You’ll also have a better chance of getting the desired results.
Final remarks
Cosmetic surgery in healthcare procedures reshapes body structures and alters a person’s appearance. Cosmetic procedures, like any other type of surgery, require a specialist surgeon trained in the process, including appropriate recovery time, healing, and proper care. Risks include anesthesia and surgery complications, excessive bleeding, infection, scarring, and failure to heal.
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