Week 3: Respiratory System
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are significant public health burdens. Currently, more than 25 million people in the United States have asthma (HealthyPeople.gov, 2019). As an advanced practice nurse, you will likely encounter patients who will present with respiratory disorders, including asthma or COPD. Understanding specific treatment protocols as well as the types of pharmacotherapeutics used to treat respiratory disorders is important to ensure the effective and safe delivery of advanced nursing practice.
This week, you will evaluate drug therapy plans for patients who present with asthma and analyze the stepwise approach to asthma treatment and management from a patient in your professional practice.
Reference: HealthyPeople.gov. (2019). Respiratory diseases. Retrieved from https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/respiratory-diseases
Learning Objectives
Students will:
- Evaluate drug therapy plans for asthma
- Assess the impact of asthma treatments on patients
- Analyze the stepwise approach to asthma treatment and management
Learning Resources
Required Readings (click to expand/reduce)
Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2021). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice nurses and physician assistants (2nd ed.) St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
Chapter 62, “Drugs for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease” (pp. 557–579)
Chapter 63, “Drugs for Allergic Rhinitis, Cough, and Colds” (pp. 580–588)
Document: APA Presentation Template
Optional Resources (click to expand/reduce)
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. (2007). Expert panel report 3 (EPR3): Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma. Retrieved from http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/asthma/asthgdln.htm
This web resource presents guidelines for diagnosing and managing asthma and outlines treatment recommendations for specific age groups.
Assignment: Asthma and Stepwise Management
Asthma is a respiratory disorder that affects children and adults. Advanced practice nurses often provide treatment to patients with these disorders. Sometimes patients require immediate treatment, making it essential that you recognize and distinguish minor asthma symptoms from serious, life-threatening ones. Since symptoms and attacks are often induced by a trigger, advanced practice nurses must also help patients identify their triggers and recommend appropriate management options. Like many other disorders, there are various approaches to treating and managing care for asthmatic patients depending on individual patient factors.
One method that supports the clinical decision making of drug therapy plans for asthmatic patients is the stepwise approach, which you explore in this Assignment.
To Prepare
- Reflect on drugs used to treat asthmatic patients, including long-term control and quick relief treatment options for patients. Think about the impact these drugs might have on patients, including adults and children.
- Consider how you might apply the stepwise approach to address the health needs of a patient in your practice.
- Reflect on how stepwise management assists health care providers and patients in gaining and maintaining control of the disease.
By Day 7 of Week 3
Create a 5- to 6-slide PowerPoint presentation that can be used in a staff development meeting on presenting different approaches for implementing the stepwise approach for asthma treatment. Be sure to address the following:
- Describe long-term control and quick relief treatment options for the asthma patient from your practice as well as the impact these drugs might have on your patient.
- Explain the stepwise approach to asthma treatment and management for your patient.
- Explain how stepwise management assists health care providers and patients in gaining and maintaining control of the disease. Be specific.
Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 3
Sample Paper Week 3 Assignment
Walden NURS 6521 Asthma and Stepwise Management
Asthma and Stepwise Management
Student’s Name:
Institutional Affiliation:
Objectives
- Brief discussion of Asthma and its symptoms.
- Description of options for treatment for quick-relief long-term control.
- Explanation of stepwise approach in treating and managing asthma.
- Explanation of benefits of the stepwise strategy for care providers and asthma patients.
Asthma
- Chronic illness severely impacting the airways.
- Results in airways swelling, narrowing and producing excessive mucus.
- As a consequence, breathing becomes difficult and wheezing and coughing is triggered.
- Condition varies from person to person.
- Can be minor nuisance or a severe effect interfering with daily activities.
- It cannot be cured but symptoms can be managed.
Long Term Controls
- Therapy’s goal involves controlling asthma through;
– Impairment reduction
– Reducing Risk
- Involves taking vital medications to keep asthma under control.
- Preventive medications used in treating airway inflammation that causes symptoms like coughing or breathlessness.
- Medications are used daily to eliminate or reduce asthma flair-ups.
- Examples include:
– Corticosteroids
– Immunomodulators,
– Methylxanthines, and
– Long acting beta agonists (Can et al., 2020).
Quick Relief
- Also referred to as rescue medications or inhalers.
- Utilized as needed for quick opening of airways to make breathing easier.
- The medications can aid in preventing impeding asthma attacks.
- Involves fast-acting medications like:
– Anticholinergics
– Short acting beta agonists.
Stepwise Approach
- Involves appropriate monitoring of medication utilized in controlling and managing asthma.
- Involves increasing or decreasing medications as necessary to achieve or maintain control.
- Applicable to all patients with asthma.
- It decreases morbidity and improves self-management.
- Includes six steps used in ensuring the best results are attained.
Benefits to Care Providers and Patients
- Patient empowerment and education
- Providers can control the environment around the asthma condition to manage it effectively.
- Reduction of exacerbations.
- Control of comorbidities and reduction of impairments.
- Guidance to providers on how to balance medications for the patient.
Conclusion
- Asthma is a chronic illness severely impacting the airways.
- Long-term control medications are the key to keeping your asthma controlled and in the green zone.
- Quick relief medications give fast relief for asthma symptoms and can prevent impeding asthma attacks
- Asthma management recommendations integrate various therapy components into a stepwise therapeutic approach where medications are adjusted for achievement and maintenance of control.
- The stepwise approach is beneficial to both care providers and patients in attaining control and management of asthma.
References
Blake, K., & Raissy, H. (2018). Asthma Guidelines from the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program: Where Are We Now?. Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, 31(1), 37-39.
Can, C., Akkelle, E., Özdemir, P. G., Yazıcıoğlu, M., & Süt, N. (2020). Assessment of regular drug use and inhaler technique skills in asthmatic children. Allergologia et Immunopathologia, 48(2), 124-129.
FitzGerald, J. M., Tavakoli, H., Lynd, L. D., Al Efraij, K., & Sadatsafavi, M. (2017). The impact of inappropriate use of short acting beta agonists in asthma. Respiratory medicine, 131, 135-140.
Gosens, R., & Gross, N. (2018). The mode of action of anticholinergics in asthma. European Respiratory Journal, 52(4), 1701247.
Qian, C. J., Coulombe, J., Suissa, S., & Ernst, P. (2017). Pneumonia risk in asthma patients using inhaled corticosteroids: a quasi-cohort study. British Journal Of Clinical Pharmacology, 83(9), 2077–2086. https://doiorg.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.1111/bcp.13295
Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2018). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice providers. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
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